A Transparent Standard for Rail Emissions
Rail emission factors are fragmented. Boundary choices, accounting conventions, and data vintage vary by operator and country, making like-for-like comparison hard.
REM fixes that.
It's a tiered methodology that prioritizes the most specific data available - from operator-level factors down to country and global defaults - with full audit metadata behind every result.
What's inside the white paper:
SQUAKE is publishing REM openly — because rail emissions data needs more consistency, scrutiny, and industry alignment.
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